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5a Then and now

1 Read 

A. Read the text quickly. Which
sentence best summarises the text?

a. There are lots of scientific explanations why
people live the way they do.
b. Early humans had an advanced way of life.
c. There’s not much difference between early
h u man s an d m o d e r n - d a y h u man s .
humans and modern-day humans.
© MM Publications
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d. Nowadays life is simpler than it used to be. . .
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Imagine a baby born 30,000 years ago, into a family of humans still follow a strange ritual called the barbecue.
Homo sapiens. These early humans might be in a cave They go outside to cook in all kinds of weather. When
somewhere in Europe, and junior is sleeping on an animal asked to explain this behaviour, they say that it is ‘fun’
skin beside the campfire. Physically, he looks very similar and give unscientific explanations like ‘food tastes better
to a baby born today. Mentally, he also has the same ability outside’. If this is true, maybe early humans got it right in
as a modern-day child. But his life will be completely the first place.
different from yours or mine. Or will it? Occasionally, the thoughts of early man turned to higher
Our ancestors found food by hunting small animals and things. Some of their artwork has survived the millennia.
collecting herbs and berries. Despite any stories told Their favourite subjects were animals such as deer,
around the campfire of killing big, wild animals, hunting buffalo, lions and bears and occasionally people. Most of
wasn’t their main source of food. After all, these people the artwork is found deep in caves, often in places which
were still perfecting the spear. They preferred to take cannot easily be reached. Perhaps this art was part of a
what was left from the kills made by other animals. And secret ritual for youth who were ready to become hunters.
st
a few millennia later? Well, go to your neighbourhood In the 21 century, we have moved to concrete jungles, but
supermarket and you’ll still find humans searching for we still draw and paint on our habitat. You can see graffiti
food — this time up and down the aisles or in the fresh in most cities. Modern-day adolescent Homo sapiens
meat section, picking up parts of dead animals which were (also known as teenagers) are responsible for a lot of it.
conveniently killed by someone else. Like early Homo sapiens’ artwork, graffiti is often found
Once they gathered their food, it was time to prepare it. in places which cannot easily be reached, such as the
When early man discovered cooking, it made different underground.
kinds of food edible and also improved the taste. Early It must be admitted that many things about our early
Homo sapiens used an open fire. But despite devices human ancestors will always remain a mystery. But
which make cooking easier and less tiring, such as perhaps the more we learn about their lives, the more we
microwaves and electric cookers, many modern-day will see ourselves in them.
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