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Grammar Portal to Grammar

must – have to
mus t – ha v e t o
You must / have to have a licence to
drive a car. (It’s necessary.)
You don’t have to do the washing-up.
Pete Phew! Let’s sit down. I can do it. (It isn’t necessary.)
Ron Are you sure this is the right tram? You mustn’t/can’t go in the museum
Pete What? Hey, wait a minute! It’s going without tickets. (It isn’t allowed.)
the wrong way!
Ron Yeah! We took the wrong tram. It’s NOTE The past tense of must / have to is had to.
taking us back home. We have to get
o f at the next stop.
Circle the correct options.
1. We must / have all wear seat belts in the car.
© MM Publications
6 2. You don’t have to / mustn’t ride your bike in the
park. Look at the sign!
3. Your room is very messy. You have / must to tidy it.
4. We don’t have to / mustn’t take the bus. My dad
can drive us to the shopping centre.
5. You have to / had to buy a ticket for the ride. You
don’t have to / can’t get on without one.
6. Jack has to / had to study yesterday, so he didn’t
come to the park.
7. We don’t have to / can’t cook. There’s pizza
Pete There’s no time. Let’s just go home. in the fridge.
Ron Hey… isn’t that your uncle Jim?
Uncle Jim Hi, guys! What are you up to? Speak
Pete Not much.
Uncle Jim I’m going to the cinema. GUESSING GAME
Do you want to come? Talk in groups of four. One student chooses
Pete and Ron Sure! one of the means of transport below and says
three things you must, have to, mustn’t or
7 We made it! Now we don’t have to do when you use this means of
transport. The other three students guess the
can relax and enjoy means of transport. Use some of the ideas in
the comedy.
the box.

• wear a seat belt bike plane

• wear a helmet
skateboard
• buy a ticket
• have a licence bus tram
• use your mobile
• stop at red traffic lights underground
• go on the pavement
B Read again and answer the questions. • wear headphones
1. How much time do the boys have before the
ilm starts? You don’t have to wear a helmet.
2. Where mustn’t they skateboard? You must buy a ticket.
3. Why can’t Ron continue on his skateboard? You…
4. Do the boys continue on foot? Write
5. Why do the boys get o f the tram? Use the ideas you discussed above to write a list
of rules for safe cycling in the city. Use must,
6. How do the boys get to the cinema in the end?
have to, mustn’t and don’t have to.
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