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Grammar Reference

Module 1

Present Simple

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
I work I do not work I don’t work Do I work? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
You work You do not work You don’t work Do you work? Yes, you do. No, you don’t.
He works He does not work He doesn’t work Does he work? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
She works She does not work She doesn’t work Does she work? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
It works It does not work It doesn’t work Does it work? Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.
We work We do not work We don’t work Do we work? Yes, we do. No, we don’t.

You work You do not work You don’t work Do you work? Yes, you do. No, you don’t.
© MM Publications
They work They do not work They don’t work Do they work? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

We use the Present Simple:
RD
FORMATION OF THE 3 PERSON SINGULAR (HE/SHE/IT)
• for habits or actions that happen
I clean  He cleans regularly.
Most verbs take -s.
I help  He helps  I wash my car at the weekend.
 She does her homework every
I wash  He washes
Verbs ending in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, take -es. day.
I go  He goes
• for permanent states.
I study  He studies  We live in Bristol. My dad
Verbs ending in a consonant + -y, take -ies. BUT works at a restaurant.
I play  He plays
• for future actions related to
Note: programmes and timetables.
No -s in the 3 person singular after does / doesn’t.  The bus leaves at 8 o’clock.
rd

Adverbs of Frequency
* ** *** **** *****
never rarely sometimes often usually always

We use adverbs of frequency to talk about how often we do something. We place them:
• before the main verb.
 Jack usually tidies his room on Saturdays.
 Bill doesn’t always play computer games at the weekend.
• after the verb be.
 Ann is sometimes late for work.

Prepositions of Time
at • to tell the time: at six o’clock / at half past two
• in the expressions: at noon / at midday / at night / at midnight / at the weekend / at the weekends
in • before periods of time: in the morning/afternoon/evening
• in the expression: in my free time
on • before the days of the week: on Friday morning/afternoon, etc.
• in the expression: on weekdays

Note:

• till/until  We usually work till 5.00 p.m. • before  Jack always has a shower before dinner.
• during  I never go out during the week. • after  My dad takes the dog for a walk after
breakfast.

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