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Grammar Reference

Past Progressive
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
I was eating I was not eating I wasn’t eating Was I eating? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
You were eating You were not eating You weren’t eating Were you eating? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
He was eating He was not eating He wasn’t eating Was he eating? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
She was eating She was not eating She wasn’t eating Was she eating? Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t.
It was eating It was not eating It wasn’t eating Was it eating? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
We were eating We were not eating We weren’t eating Were we eating? Yes, we were. No, we weren’t.
You were eating You were not eating You weren’t eating Were you eating? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
They were eating They were not eating They weren’t eating Were they eating? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

We use the Past Progressive:
drop the -y and take -ily. © MM Publications
• for an action that was happening at a specific point of time in the past.
 I was watching TV at seven o’clock yesterday evening.
• to set the scene in a story.
 Jill was walking in the forest and it was raining.
• for actions that were happening at the same time in the past. In this case we usually use while.
 While I was watching TV, my father was cooking.

Past Simple - Past Progressive
Time Clauses (when, while)

We use the Past Progressive and the Past Simple in the same sentence when one action interrupted another
in the past. We use the Past Progressive for the longer action and the Past Simple for the shorter action. In
this case we usually use while or when.
 While I was driving, I saw a cat in the street.
 I was sleeping when the telephone rang.

Adjectives / Adverbs

• Adjectives describe nouns.
• Adverbs of manner describe how something happens.

We form most adverbs of manner by quiet  quietly IRREGULAR ADVERBS
adding -ly to the adjective. careful  carefully good well
Adjectives ending in a consonant + -y, fast fast
easy  easily
hard hard
Adjectives ending in -le, drop the -e terrible  terribly late late
and take -y. early early

Used to

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS
I/He/She/It used to play I/He/She/It didn’t use to play Did I/he/she/it use to play?
We/You/They We/You/They we/you/they

SHORT ANSWERS

I/he/she/it I/he/she/it
Yes, did. No, didn’t.
we/you/they we/you/they

We use used to to talk about something that happened regularly in the past, but no longer does.
 We used to go skateboarding every afternoon when we were young.
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