Page 130 - WorldWatchers_RS_2_SB_SE

Grammar Reference

How often...?
FORMATION OF THE 3 PERSON SINGULAR
RD
(he/she/it) We use How often...? to show the frequency of an

I eat  he eats action:
• most verbs take -s A: How often do you go out?

I make  he makes
• verbs ending in I relax  she relaxes B: I go out twice a week, but I never go out on

-ss, -sh, -ch, -x, I do  she does Fridays.

-o take -es

• verbs ending in I study  he studies some/any/no
a consonant + -y, BUT • some + uncountable / plural countable nouns in

drop the -y and take -ies I stay  it stays a irmative sentences and o fers.
There is some orange juice in the fridge.
We use the Present Simple: Would you like some chips?
• for habits or actions that happen regularly. • any + uncountable / plural countable nouns in
I watch TV every day. questions and negative sentences.
She goes out at the weekend.
Is there any orange juice in the fridge?
• for permanent states. There aren’t any chips on the table.
© MM Publications
We live in a small village. • no (= not any) + uncountable / plural countable
I like ice cream.
nouns in a irmative sentences to give a negative
• for daily schedules. meaning.
She starts work at 8.30 every day. There is no cheese in the fridge. = There isn’t any
cheese in the fridge.
Prepositions of time note
a
o
k / h
c
l
x o
i
’
c
, e
s
a
t t
w
t
f
l
c
o
p
six o’clock / half past two, etc. . Countable Nouns
s
noon/night/midday/midnight
at n oon / n i g h t / mi d d a y / mi dn i g h t • We can count them.

(
s
k
e
e
nd
w
e
t the weekend(s) ) • We can use a/an and numbers before them.
he
• They have singular and plural forms.
/
e
in
oon
v
or
e
in
n
f
a
t
in t the morning/afternoon/evening one orange five posters a lamp
e
g
n
n
r
/
g
h
m
e
my free time
my free time
Uncountable Nouns
t
at
S
r
u
, e
c
d
a
Saturday, etc. . • We cannot count them.
y
Friday morning/afternoon, etc.
on F r i d a y m or n in g / a f t e r n oon , e t c .
weekdays
w e e k d ay s • We cannot use a/an or numbers before them,
.
but we often use some and any
till My parents usually work till 5 p.m. . • They have only singular forms.
l
m
l 5 p
u
l
s
y w
n
a
.
M
r
t
k
e
y p
s u
o
a
l
t
r
i
until rice water pasta
a
w
e
r
r b
e
n
h
i
n
o
J
s h
k a
o
before Jack always has a shower before dinner. .
y
e d
f
a
c
e
r
s a s
lwa
after My dad has a shower after breakfast. .
f
r b
a
e
a
f
e
t
a
d h
a
M
e
s
w
o
y d
h
k
s a s
t
r
r a
Compounds of some, any, no and every
from... I have an English class from 9 a.m. .
9 a
m
.
m
I h
n E
g
n
v
e
a
a
l
a
l
s
o
s fr
s
h c
i
to/till/ t to 10.30 a.m. . SOME ANY NO EVERY
o 1
0
a
.
m
.
3
0
until someone anyone no one everyone
PEOPLE somebody anybody nobody everybody
Adverbs of frequency
THINGS something anything nothing everything
always 0% 100%
PLACES somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
usually 0% 100%
often 0% 100% • These compounds always go with singular verbs.
Someone is behind the door.
sometimes 0% 100%
Everybody here likes pizza.
never 0% 100% • We use the compounds of no in a irmative
sentences with a negative meaning.
We use adverbs of frequency to talk about how There is nobody in the room.
often we do something. We place them:
• before the main verb. • We use the compounds of any in questions and
Kevin often plays basketball on Fridays. negative sentences.
Mary doesn’t usually have breakfast. Do you need anything else?
Do you always watch TV in the evening? I can’t ind my glasses anywhere.
• after the verb be.
Anne is never late for school.
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