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Prepositions of movement                             Past Simple - Past Progressive
                                                                       Time Clauses (when, while)
                  up       Walk up this road.
                                                                     •  We use the Past Progressive and the Past Simple
                  down     Go down Elm Street.                         in the same sentence when one action interrupted
                  into     Don’t come into the house with that parrot!  another in the past. We use the Past Progressive
                                                                       for the longer action and the Past Simple for the
                  out of   Brian walked out of the room.
                                                                       shorter action. In this case we usually use while or
                  through  This road goes through the park.            when.
                                                                       While I was driving, I saw a cat in the street.
                  towards   Walk towards the library.
                                                                       I was sleeping when the telephone rang.
                  past     Walk past the newsagent’s and turn left.
                                                                       some/any/no
                  from... to  Maria drives from her house to work
                           every day.                                •  some + uncountable / plural countable nouns in
                  around   Stop running around the garden!             affirmative sentences and offers.
                                                                       There is some orange juice in the fridge.
                                                                       Would you like some chips?
                  Module 4                                           •  any + uncountable / plural countable nouns in
                 Was I eating? © MM Publications
                                                                       questions and negative sentences.
                  Past Progressive                                     Is there any orange juice in the fridge?
                                 AFFIRMATIVE                           There aren’t any chips on the table.
                                I was eating                         •  no (= not any) + uncountable / plural countable
                                You were eating                        nouns in affirmative sentences to give a negative
                                He was eating                          meaning.
                                She was eating                         There is no cheese in the fridge. = There isn’t any
                                It was eating                          cheese in the fridge.
                                We were eating
                                You were eating                                         NOTE
                                They were eating
                                                                        Countable Nouns
                                                                        •  We can count them.
                                  NEGATIVE                              •  We can use a/an and numbers before them.
                         FULL FORMS        SHORT FORMS                  •  They have singular and plural forms.
                     I was not eating    I wasn’t eating                  one orange      ive posters     a lamp
                     You were not eating  You weren’t eating            Uncountable Nouns
                     He was not eating   He wasn’t eating               •  We cannot count them.
                     She was not eating  She wasn’t eating              •  We cannot use a/an or numbers before them,
                     It was not eating   It wasn’t eating                 but we often use some and any.
                     We were not eating  We weren’t eating
                     You were not eating  You weren’t eating            •  They have only singular forms.
                     They were not eating  They weren’t eating            rice     water     pasta

                                                                       Compounds of some, any, no and every
                   QUESTIONS            SHORT ANSWERS
                                  Yes, I was.   No, I wasn’t.                  SOME       ANY      NO       EVERY
                 Were you eating?  Yes, you were.  No, you weren’t.          someone    anyone   no one   everyone
                 Was he eating?   Yes, he was.  No, he wasn’t.       PEOPLE  somebody   anybody  nobody   everybody
                 Was she eating?  Yes, she was.  No, she wasn’t.
                 Was it eating?   Yes, it was.  No, it wasn’t.       THINGS something   anything  nothing  everything
                 Were we eating?  Yes, we were.  No, we weren’t.
                 Were you eating?  Yes, you were.  No, you weren’t.  PLACES somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
                 Were they eating?  Yes, they were.  No, they weren’t.
                                                                     •  These compounds always go with singular verbs.
                  We use the Past Progressive:                         Someone is behind the door.
                •  for an action that was happening at a specific      Everybody here works very hard.
                 point of time in the past.                          • We use the compounds of no in affirmative
                 I was watching TV at 7 o’clock yesterday evening.     sentences with a negative meaning.
                •  to set the scene in a story.                        There was nobody in the o  ice.
                 Jill was walking in the forest and it was raining.  • We use the compounds of any in questions and
                •  for actions that were happening at the same time    negative sentences.
                 in the past. In this case we usually use while.       Do you need anything else?
                 While I was watching TV, my mother was cooking.       I can’t  ind my glasses anywhere.
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