Page 118 - PortalToEnglish_2_SB_SE

Grammar Reference

Present Progressive vs Present Simple

• We use the Present Progressive for actions that SPELLING
are happening at the moment of speaking. • most verbs take -ed talk  talked
John is watching TV now. • verbs ending in -e, take only -d like  liked
Listen! She is playing the piano.
• verbs ending in a consonant + -y, try  tried
• We use the Present Simple for habits, repeated take -ied BUT
actions and permanent states. play  played
John watches TV at the weekend. • verbs with one syllable ending in
He plays the piano every day. one vowel + one consonant, double stop  stopped
the consonant before the -ed
TIME EXPRESSIONS • verbs with two or more syllables prefer  preferred
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE PRESENT SIMPLE ending in a stressed vowel + one BUT
consonant, double the consonant
now, at the moment usually, always, often, etc. before the -ed happen  happened
today, these days every day/week, etc.
© MM Publications
this week / year, etc. in the afternoons/summer, etc. • verbs ending in one vowel + -l, travel  travelled
on Mondays, at the weekend, etc. double the -l before the -ed BUT
sail  sailed
once / twice / three times, etc.
a week/day, etc.

Stative verbs
Past Simple of irregular verbs
The following verbs are usually not used in the
Present Progressive. They are called stative verbs: Irregular verbs don't take -ed in the Past Simple.
AFFIRMATIVE I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They went
• see, hear, smell, etc.
• like, love, hate, want, need, etc. NEGATIVE I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They didn’t go
• think, understand, know, etc. QUESTIONS Did I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they go?
• be, have, cost, etc.

NOTE
Look at the list of irregular verbs.
Module 2

Past Simple of regular verbs
We use the Past Simple for:
- actions that started and were completed at a
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
speci ic time in the past.
FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
We bought our house ive years ago.
I played I did not play I didn’t play - habitual or repeated actions in the past.
You played You did not play You didn’t play I always went to bed early when I lived with my
He played He did not play He didn’t play
She played She did not play She didn’t play parents.
It played It did not play It didn’t play - for completed actions that happened one after
We played We did not play We didn’t play the other in the past.
You played You did not play You didn’t play Yesterday I got up at 8.00, had breakfast and left
They played They did not play They didn’t play for school.

QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS TIME EXPRESSIONS
yesterday / yesterday morning, etc.
Did I play? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
Did you play? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t. last night / week / weekend / month / year
Did he play? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. last Wednesday / Friday, etc.
Did she play? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t. last summer / winter, etc.
Did it play? Yes, it did. No, it didn’t. two days / a week / three months / five years ago
Did we play? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t. in + year
Did you play? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t.
Did they play? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.

116

112-123_PortalToEnglish2_SERBIA_SB_GrammarReference.indd 116 3/1/2019 3:55:07 µµ