Page 110 - PortalToEnglish_4_SB_SE

Grammar Reference

Hello • Possessive pronouns replace possessive adjectives
+ noun, so they are never followed by nouns. They
Question words can be used as short answers to questions starting
with whose.
• Who?: We use it to ask about people.
Your backpack is brown, but mine is black.
A: Who’s that? That cat is hers.
B: My friend, Lee. Whose is this ball? It’s his.
• What?: We use it to ask about things, animals and
actions. Possessive Case
A: What’s your favourite sport? We use the possessive case to express possession.
B: Tennis.
• How?: We use it to ask about the way in which FORMATION
something happens or to ind out about someone’s
© MM Publications
health. Singular nouns take ’s.
This is the boy’s pencil.
A: How are you? This is Tim’s car.
B: Fine, thanks.
• Where?: We use it to ask about places. Regular plural nouns take ’.
That’s my parents’ house.
A: Where are you from?
B: I’m from Spain. Irregular plural nouns take ’s.
• When?: We use it to ask about time. Here’s the children’s room.
A: When do you relax? When two or more people own the same thing, we
B: At the weekend.
• Which?: We use it when we want to select one from add ’s only to the last owner.
This is Jackie and Sally’s lat.
a group of things or people.
Which bag do you like? The red bag or the green When two or more people own two or more di ferent
bag? things, we add ’s to each owner.
• Why?: We use it to ask for the reason something These are Bill’s and George’s bikes.
happens. We use ’s with time expressions.
Why is he coming?
I will be there in half-an-hour’s time.
She has six years’ experience as a secretary.
NOTE
In some cases, we use both of + ’s to show that
We use Who… look like? to ask who somebody something belongs to a person. We do this to avoid
resembles. confusion.
We use What…. look/taste/smell like to ask about
appearance or other qualities. Mary’s friend BUT a friend of Mary’s (=Mary has got
many friends.)

Personal Pronouns - Possessive Pronouns NOTE
- Possessive Adjectives
We use of + noun to show that something belongs
to a thing or to an abstract noun. The windows of
PERSONAL POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE
PRONOUNS PRONOUNS ADJECTIVES this house are very big.
I mine my
You yours your Imperative
He his his
She hers her AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
It - its (base form of the verb) (Don’t + base form)
We ours our Listen to the CD. Don’t talk in class.
You yours your
They theirs their Be quiet. Don’t be late.

• Possessive adjectives always go before nouns and We use the imperative to tell someone to do or not to
do not take articles before them. do something. We can use please to be more polite.
Her hat is green. Open your books, please.

108

6/4/2020 1:18:14 µµ
108-118_PortalToEnglish4_SB_SERBIA_Grammar.indd 108 6/4/2020 1:18:14 µµ
108-118_PortalToEnglish4_SB_SERBIA_Grammar.indd 108