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Grammar Reference

Past Simple of regular verbs Past Simple of regular and
(affirmative) irregular verbs

AFFIRMATIVE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
He/She/It played I played / ate I did not play / eat I didn’t play / eat
We/You/They You played / ate You did not play / eat You didn’t play / eat
He played / ate He did not play / eat He didn’t play / eat
SPELLING She played / ate She did not play / eat She didn’t play / eat

• most verbs take -ed talk  talked It played / ate It did not play / eat It didn’t play / eat
We played / ate We did not play / eat We didn’t play / eat
• verbs ending in -e, take

only -d dance  danced You played / ate You did not play / eat You didn’t play / eat
They played / ate They did not play / eat They didn’t play / eat
• verbs ending in a consonant + try  tried

-y, take -ied
BUT QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS

play  played Did I play / eat? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.
© MM Publications
• verbs with one syllable Did you play / eat? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t.
ending in one vowel + one Did he play / eat? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

consonant, double the stop  stopped Did she play / eat? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t.
consonant before the -ed Did it play / eat? Yes, it did. No, it didn’t.
• verbs with two or more Did we play / eat? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t.

syllables ending in a stressed prefer  preferred Did you play / eat? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t.
vowel + one consonant, BUT Did they play / eat? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.
double the consonant before happen  happened

the -ed
• verbs ending in one vowel + -l, travel  travelled Module 7

double the -l before the -ed
BUT

sail  sailed Future be going to
AFFIRMATIVE
Past Simple of irregular verbs FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
(affirmative)
I am going to play I’m going to play
You are going to play You’re going to play
AFFIRMATIVE
He is going to play He’s going to play
I She is going to play She’s going to play
He/She/It went It is going to play It’s going to play
We/You/They We are going to play We’re going to play
You are going to play You’re going to play
Irregular verbs don't take -ed in the Past Simple. They are going to play They’re going to play
note
Look at the list of irregular verbs. NEGATIVE

FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
TIME EXPRESSIONS
I am not going to play I’m not going to play
yesterday / yesterday morning, etc. You are not going to play You aren’t going to play
last night/week/weekend/month/year He is not going to play He isn’t going to play
last Wednesday/Friday, etc. She is not going to play She isn’t going to play
last summer/winter, etc. It is not going to play It isn’t going to play
two days / a week / ive months / six years ago We are not going to play We aren’t going to play
in + year You are not going to play You aren’t going to play
They are not going to play They aren’t going to play

QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
Am I going to play? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Are you going to play? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Is he going to play? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Is she going to play? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
Is it going to play? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
Are we going to play? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
Are you going to play? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they going to play? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
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