Page 133 - WorldWatchers_RS_1_SB_SE

Grammar Reference

FORMATION OF ing We form most adverbs of nice  nicely

manner by adding -ly to the

• most verbs take -ing wear  wearing careful  carefully

adjective.
• verbs ending in -e, drop make  making Adjectives ending in a

the -e before the -ing consonant + -y, drop the -y happy  appily

h
• verbs with one syllable ending sit  sitting and take -ily.

in one vowel + one consonant, Adjectives ending in -le, drop 
double the consonant before the -e and take -y. terrible  terribly
the -ing
IRREGULAR ADVERBS
• verbs with two or more begin  beginning ADJECTIVES ADVERBS

syllables ending in one BUT good well
stressed vowel + one visit  siting fast fast
i
v

consonant, double the early early
consonant before the -ing
late late

• verbs ending in one vowel + -l, travel  travelling hard hard
actions and permanent states.MM Publications
double the -l before the -ing

• verbs ending in -ie, change -ie lie  lying Module 6
to -y before the -ing
Past Simple
Why? / Because... • We use the Past Simple to talk about past actions,
• We use why to ask about the reason why states or situations.
something happens. Yesterday, we visited a new shopping centre. It
• We use because to give the reason why was great!
something happens.
A: Why are you wearing two jackets? Past Simple of the verb be
B: Because it's cold outside.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Present Progressive vs FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
Present Simple I was I was not I wasn’t
You were You were not You weren’t
• We use the Present Progressive for actions that He was He was not He wasn’t
are happening at the moment of speaking. She was She was not She wasn’t
Carol is writing an email at the moment. It was It was not It wasn’t
Look! That cat is climbing a tree. We were We were not We weren’t
©
• We use the Present Simple for habits, repeated You were You were not You weren’t
They were not
They weren’t
They were
Ken makes model planes at the weekend.
He plays basketball every day. QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
TIME EXPRESSIONS Was I? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
Were you?
No, you weren’t.
Yes, you were.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE PRESENT SIMPLE Was he? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
Was she? Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t.
now, at the moment usually, always, often, etc. Was it? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
every day/week, etc. Were we? Yes, we were. No, we weren’t.
in the afternoons/ Were you? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
summer, etc. Were they? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.
on Mondays, at the
weekend, etc.
There was / There were
Adverbs of manner
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
• Adverbs of manner describe how something is There Yes, there was.
done or happens. There was wasn’t Was there? No, there wasn’t.
Liz sings beautifully. Listen to her! There Yes, there were.
Marco is from Italy. He speaks Italian well. There were weren’t Were there? No, there weren’t.

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