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yet/already Module 7

yet is used only with the The verb should
question and negative form of Have you inished yet?
verbs. It is placed at the end of the He hasn’t arrived yet.
sentence. AFFIRMATIVE I/He/She/It/We/You/They should go
already is used with the NEGATIVE I/He/She/It/We/You/They shouldn’t go
affirmative and question form of I’ve already seen that
verbs. It is placed between the ilm. QUESTIONS Should I/he/she/it/we/you/they go?
auxiliary and the main verb, or
at the end of the sentence for You’ve inished eating SHORT
emphasis. already! ANSWERS Yes, I/he/she/it/we/you/they should.
No, I/he/she/it/we/you/they shouldn’t.

We use should:
Present Perfect Simple with how long/ • to ask for and give advice.
since/for What should I do? You shouldn’t work so hard.
• to express an opinion.
• We use the Present Perfect Simple with for, since I think the children should eat more fruit.
and how long for actions that started in the past and • to make a suggestion.
continue up to the present. We should go to the cinema. There’s a nice ilm on.

How long...? How long have you had
To ask about the duration this collection?
of an action. The article ‘the’
since + a point in time ‘the’ is used:
(e.g since 1980, since I’ve had this collection • for somebody or something specific or already
yesterday, since last since 1999. mentioned.
week, since 4am) A: There’s a new car in the street.
It refers to the time B: Yes, it’s the car I bought yesterday.
when the action started. • for things that are unique.
the Earth, the Pyramids
for + a period of time • with the superlative of adjectives/adverbs.
(e.g for two weeks, for three I’ve had this collection Joan is the best dancer of all.
days, for ive minutes, for six years. My canary sings the most beautifully of all.
for months) • before names of seas, rivers, oceans and deserts.
It refers to the duration the Black Sea, the Thames, the Indian Ocean, the Kalahari
of the action.
Desert
• before groups of islands, mountain ranges and countries
in the plural.
the Azores, the Alps, the Netherlands
Relative Pronouns • before nationalities, when we refer to the whole nation.
The Chinese invented paper thousands of years ago.
• The relative pronouns who, which, that, whose and the • before people’s surnames, when we refer to the whole
adverb where introduce relative clauses.. family.
The Simpsons came to see us last night.
PRONOUNS EXAMPLES
• before names of hotels, restaurants, theatres, cinemas
The woman who/that is and newspapers.
driving that sports car is the Ritz, the National Theatre, the Guardian
People who/that my aunt. • before musical instruments.
The teacher (who/that) I My son plays the drums.
like the most is Mrs Robins. • before the cardinal points.
Sussex is to the south of London.
The bag which/that is on ‘the’ is not used:
Animals and which/that the desk is mine. • before names of people, streets, islands, mountains, cities,
Things The ilm (which/that) I saw countries and continents.
last night was terrible. Joe Black, Oxford Street, Corsica, Everest, Rome, Turkey,
The man whose wallet you Africa
Possession whose • before names of days and months.
found is over there.
on Monday / in July
ADVERB
• before plural countable nouns or uncountable nouns
The place where I live is when we are talking about something in general.
Place where
beautiful. Tigers are wild animals.
My brother likes chocolate.
• before abstract nouns (love, hope, beauty etc.).
NOTE: • Who, which and that can be omitted when they You mustn’t lose hope.
are the object of the verb in the relative clause. • before names of magazines, sports, games, colours and
• Whose and where can never be omitted or languages (when they are not followed by the word
replaced with that.
language).

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