Page 107 - GTTT_3_SB_SE

Grammar Reference

QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS Past Simple of the verb be
Did I play? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Did you play ? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t.
Did he play ? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. I/He/She/It was I/He/She/It wasn’t (=was not)
Did she play ? Yes, she did. No, she didn’t. We/You/They were We/You/They weren’t (=were not)
Did it play ? Yes, it did. No, it didn’t.
Did we play ? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t. QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
Did you play ? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t. Yes, I/he/she/it was.
Did they play ? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. Was I/ he/she/it ? Yes, we/you/they were.
SPELLING Were we/you/they? No, I/he/she/it wasn’t.
No, we/you/they weren’t.
• most verbs take -ed talk  talked
• verbs ending in -e take only -d dance  danced The verb could
• verbs ending in a consonant + -y try  tried AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
take -ied BUT
play  played I/He/She/It could walk I/He/She/It could not
We/You/They We/You/They couldn’t walk
• verbs with one syllable ending
in one vowel + one consonant stop  stopped QUESTIONS
double the consonant before the
-ed Could I/he/she/it walk?
• verbs with two or more syllables prefer  preferred we/you/they
ending in a stressed vowel + one BUT
consonant double the consonant SHORT ANSWERS
before the -ed happen  happened I/he/she/it I/he/she/it
Yes, could. No, couldn’t.
• verbs ending in one vowel + -l travel  travelled we/you/they we/you/they
double the -l before the -ed BUT • Could is the past tense of can. We use it to talk about
sail  sailed ability in the past.
My sister could play the piano when she was seven.
Past Simple of irregular verbs

• Irregular verbs don't take -ed in the Past Simple. Adjectives / Adverbs
• Adjectives describe nouns.
AFFIRMATIVE I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They went • Adverbs of manner describe how something happens.
NEGATIVE I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They didn’t go We form most adverbs of manner quiet  quietly
QUESTIONS Did I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they go? by adding -ly to the adjective. careful  carefully
Adjectives ending in a consonant easy  easily
NOTE: Look at the list of irregular verbs on page 112. + -y, drop the -y and take -ily.
Adjectives ending in -le, drop the -e terrible  terribly
We use the Past Simple for: and take -y.

• actions that started and were completed at a specific IRREGULAR ADVERBS
time in the past.
We bought our house ive years ago. good  well

• habitual or repeated actions in the past. fast  fast
I always went to bed early when I lived with my hard  hard
l
parents. late  ate
• for completed actions that happened one after the other early  early

in the past.
Yesterday I got up at 8:00, had breakfast and left for Used to
school.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
TIME EXPRESSIONS I/He/She/It used to play I/He/She/It didn’t use to play
yesterday / yesterday morning, etc. We/You/They We/You/They
last night / week / weekend / month / year
last Wednesday / Friday, etc. QUESTIONS
last summer / winter, etc. Did I/he/she/it use to play?
two days / a week / three months / five years ago we/you/they
in + year
We use used to to talk about something that happened
regularly in the past, but no longer does.
We used to go skateboarding every afternoon when
we were young.

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