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Grammar Reference
Module 4 FORMATION
can/could/may/might Comparative
The verbs can, could, may and might: adjective + -er John is older than Peter.
• are followed by the base form of the verb without to. + than
• are the same in all persons in the singular and plural. more + adjective My watch is more
• do not form the question and negative with do. expensive than Diana’s.
• We use Can I..?, Could I..?, May I..? to ask for permission. Superlative
Can/Could/May I go to the party? John is the tallest boy
Yes, you can/may. adjective + -est in his class.
No, you can’t/may not. the + + of/in
• We use Can you..?, Could you..?, to make polite requests most + This watch is the most
and ask for a favour. Could is more polite. adjective expensive of all.
Can/Could you help me with my homework?
• We use Can I..?, Could I..?, May I..? to offer help.
Can/Could/May I help you? • All one-syllable and most two syllable adjectives take
• We use may, might and could to express possibility in -er/est:
the present or future. Might expresses slight clean cleaner the cleanest
possibility. clever cleverer the cleverest
We may/might/could go to the Summer Festival next • One-syllable adjectives ending in -e, take -r/-st:
weekend. nice nicer the nicest
• We use can, could and might to express suggestion. • One-syllable adjectives ending in one vowel + one
You can/could/may/might come to the cinema with us consonant, double the consonant before the -er/-est:
tonight. hot hotter the hottest
I thought we might go out for a walk. • Adjectives ending in a consonant + -y, drop the -y and
Great idea! take -ier/-iest:
easy easier the easiest
Prepositions of place
• Adjectives with three or more syllables and
next to The museum is next to the post o ice. some two-syllable adjectives take more + adjective/
in front of The bus stop is in front of the museum. most + adjective:
opposite The library is opposite the museum. expensive more expensive the most expensive
between The museum is between the bank and the post careful more careful the most careful
o ice.
behind The park is behind the museum. IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
above The mirror is above the bed. POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
against The desk is against the wall. FORM FORM FORM
good better the best
bad worse the worst
Prepositions of movement many/much more the most
up Walk up this road. far farther/further the farthest/furthest
down Go down Elm Street. little less the least
into Don’t come into the house with that dog!
out of Brian walked out of the room.
through This road goes through the park. NOTE: Other ways of comparison:
• as + adjective + as
towards Walk towards the library. Debbie’s as tall as her brother.
past Walk past the newsagent’s and turn left. • not as + adjective + as
from...to Maria drives from her house to work every day. Geography isn’t as interesting as History.
around Stop running around the garden! • less + adjective + than
along Let’s go for a walk along the river. Kelly is less beautiful than Debbie.
• the least + adjective + of/in
Comparative and Superlative Forms Geography is less interesting than history, but
maths is the least interesting subject of all.
• We use the comparative of adjectives when we
compare two people, animals or things.
• We use the superlative of adjectives when we compare
one person, animal or thing with several of the same
kind.
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