Page 115 - PortalToEnglish_2_SB_SE

Τhe
Plural forms
• We use the before uncountable nouns and before
REGULAR NOUNS countable nouns, both in the singular and in the
• most nouns take -s cat  cats plural.
(in the plural) computer  computers WE USE THE BEFORE:
• nouns ending in -s, box  oxes The man at the door is my
b
-ch, -sh, -x, -o, take -es watch  watches • something speci ic or uncle.
unique.
• nouns ending in a country  countries The sun rises in the east.
consonant + -y, drop BUT
the -y and take -ies boy  oys the Mediterranean (Sea)
b
• names of seas, oceans, the Atlantic (Ocean)
• nouns ending in -f shelf  shelves rivers, deserts. the Amazon (River)
or -fe, take -ves the Sahara (Desert)
• groups of islands, the Canary Islands
mountain ranges, and the Himalayas
IRREGULAR NOUNS countries in the plural. the USA
man  men tooth  teeth
woman  women person  people • people’s surnames
child  children mouse  mice (when we refer to the the Smiths
foot  feet ish  ish whole family).
• nationalities (when the Greeks
Adjectives do not have a plural form. we refer to the whole BUT
This is an old umbrella.  These are old umbrellas. nation). Fiona is Italian.
• musical instruments He plays the piano.
(with the verb play).

This/That/These/Those • names of hotels, the Hilton Hotel
cinemas, newspapers. the Rex Cinema
SINGULAR PLURAL the Times
this these • the cardinal points. in the east
that © MM Publications
those
• the superlative form of Tom is the tallest boy in
adjectives and adverbs. this class.
• We use this/these to point out people, animals
or things that are close to us. WE DO NOT USE THE BEFORE:
This is a book. These are my books. • names of people, cities, That’s Maria. She
• We use that/those to point out people, animals islands, lakes, countries, comes from Spain.
or things that are far from us. streets, continents,
That girl over there is Maria. nationalities.
Those boys over there are my friends.
• school subjects or sports. History is interesting.
We love football.
Α / Αn • uncountable nouns and I like co fee.
plural countable nouns, Cats like milk.
• We use a/an before singular countable nouns. when we talk about
We use a when the next word begins with a something in general.
consonant sound and an when the next word
begins with a vowel sound. • the words breakfast, We have lunch at 1.30.
lunch, dinner.
a pen an apple
• the words hospital, home, The boys are at school.
WE USE A/AN:
school, church, bed, work, BUT
• when we speak about There’s a man at prison, when they are used The boys visited their
something that is not speci ic the door. for the purpose for which uncle at the hospital.
they exist.
• for professions She’s a teacher.

113

112-123_PortalToEnglish2_SERBIA_SB_GrammarReference.indd 113 3/1/2019 3:55:06 µµ