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Grammar Reference

• We use many with plural countable nouns, usually in Prepositions of Movement
questions and in negative sentences.
There aren’t many books in the bookcase. to Are you going to the park?
• We use a lot of / lots of with uncountable up Walk up this road.
and plural countable nouns, usually in a irmative
sentences. down Go down Pine Street.
I drink a lot of tea. into Don’t come into the house with the bike!
There are lots of oranges in the fridge. out of Peter walked out of the room.
• We use a few with plural countable nouns, in through This road goes through the park.
a irmative sentences.
There are a few magazines on the table. across Walk across the street.
• We use a little with uncountable nouns, in along Walk along Oak Street and then turn left.
a irmative sentences. from Larry is coming home from work now.
There is a little cheese in the sandwiches.
round Stop running round the garden!
towards The children came towards me.
Prepositions of Place o f Laura fell o f the chair.
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in The shoes are in the box. over The cat jumped over the box.
on The clock is on the wall. past She walked past me, but she didn’t see me.
at Peter is standing at the bus stop. note
under The cat is sleeping under the chair. We use How do/can I get to...? in order to ask someone
near Is there a supermarket near here? for directions to a specific place.
How do/can I get to the museum, please?
behind There is a girl behind that tree.
over There’s a colourful poster over my bed.
Possessive adjectives
opposite The bank is opposite the park.
next to Jane sat next to Robert at the cinema. PERSONAL POSSESSIVE Possessive
PRONOUNS ADJECTIVES adjectives go
in front of Fred sits in front of me in class. before nouns,
I my
between The pet shop is between the bookshop you your without articles.
and the toy shop. he his He is my friend.
round The children are sitting round the table. she her His name is
it its Brian.
above Be careful! There’s a spider above your we our
head. you your
they their
note
The prepositions on, in and at are used in various other Possessive case
expressions. We use the possessive case to express possession.
on: with the expressions: on the left, on the right
in: with names of continents, countries, cities, villages: FORMATION
in Asia, in France, in Ontario, in Wivenhoe This is the girl’s bag.
at: with confined areas: at the cinema, at the airport, Singular nouns take ’s. This is Je f’s bike.
at the station, etc.
with addresses: She lives at 55 Station Road. Regular plural nouns take ’. That’s my parents’
with the expressions: at work, at home, at school, etc. house.
Irregular plural nouns take Here’s the children’s
’s. room.
When two or more people This is Sally and
own the same thing, we add Ted’s lat.
’s only to the last owner.
When two or more people
own two or more di ferent These are Carl’s and
things, we add ’s to each Tom’s books.
owner.
note
We use of + noun to show that something belongs to a
thing or to an abstract noun.
The windows of this house are very big.

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