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Grammar Reference
Module 7 Quantifiers
some/any/no
so / neither / too / either We use:
To express agreement: • some + uncountable / plural countable nouns in
• We use so + affirmative auxiliary verb + subject affirmative sentences and in questions when we
or subject + affirmative auxiliary + too when we offer something or ask for something politely.
agree with an affirmative statement, but we don’t There is some orange juice in the fridge.
want to repeat it. Would you like some chips?
A: I play the guitar. Could I have some coffee?
B: So do I. / I do too. • any + uncountable / plural countable nouns in
• We use Neither + affirmative auxiliary verb + questions and negative sentences.
subject or negative auxiliary verb + either when Is there any orange juice in the fridge?
we agree with a negative statement, but we don’t There aren’t any chips on the table.
want to repeat it. • no (= not any) + uncountable / plural countable
A: Paul can’t swim. nouns in affirmative sentences to give a negative
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B: Neither can I. / I can’t either. meaning.
There is no cheese in the fridge. = There isn’t any
cheese in the fridge.
Note:
To express disagreement:
• We use subject + affirmative auxiliary verb many / much / a lot (of) / lots (of) / plenty (of)
We use:
when we disagree with a negative statement, but
we don’t want to repeat it. • many + plural countable nouns mainly in
A: I can’t play the guitar. questions and in negative sentences.
B: I can. How many people were at the meeting yesterday?
I didn’t see many people from work there.
• We use subject + negative auxiliary verb when • much + uncountable nouns mainly in questions
we disagree with an affirmative statement, but and in negative sentences.
we don’t want to repeat it.
A: I’ve been to Madrid twice. How much sugar do you need?
B: I haven’t. I didn’t manage to learn much information from
him.
• a lot (of) / lots (of) / plenty (of) + uncountable
All/Both/Neither/None/Either /plural countable nouns mainly in affirmative
• All is used for more than two people, things, etc. It sentences.
is used in affirmative sentences and takes a plural There were a lot of people at the party.
verb. Have some more food. There’s lots of spaghetti
Anna, Mary and Chris are going to a concert. They left.
are all very excited. / All of them are very excited.
• Both is used for two people, things, etc. It is used (a) few / (a) little
in affirmative sentences and takes a plural verb. • (a) few + plural countable nouns: a few has a
Bill and Ted are cousins. Both of them are positive meaning whereas few has a negative
in a team. / They are both in a team. meaning.
• Neither is used for two people, things, etc. It is used I need a few more things from the supermarket.
in affirmative sentences and gives them a negative Very few people disagreed with him.
meaning. It takes a singular or plural verb. • (a) little + uncountable nouns: a little has a
Patty and Monica want to get a cat. Neither of positive meaning whereas little has a negative
them have/has had a pet before. meaning.
• None is used for more than two people, things, etc. There’s still a little cake left in the fridge. Have
It is used in affirmative sentences and gives them some.
a negative meaning. It takes a singular or plural There’s very little time left. Hurry!
verb.
All my friends love pop music. None of them Note:
likes/like jazz. • Some, any, much, many, a little, a few, a lot,
• Either is used for two people, things, etc. It means lots, plenty can also be used without nouns, as
one or the other (it doesn’t matter which of the pronouns.
two). Have you got any money? No, I haven’t got any.
A: Should we order Italian or Chinese? We didn’t buy any bread. We’ve got plenty.
B: Either. I don’t mind.
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