Page 131 - ToTheTop2030_1_SE

Grammar Reference

We do not use the before:
• names of people, cities, islands, lakes, countries, streets, That’s Maria. She comes from Spain.
continents, nationalities.
• school subjects or sports. History is interesting.
We love football.
• uncountable nouns and plural countable nouns, when we talk I like coffee. Cats like milk.
about something in general.
• the words breakfast, lunch, dinner. We have lunch at 1:30.
• the words hospital, home, school, church, bed, work, prison, The boys are at school. BUT
when they are used for the purpose for which they exist. The boys visited their uncle at the hospital.

Let’s...
• To make suggestions we use Let’s... + the base form of the verb.
Let’s play basketball. Let’s go out tonight.

The verb can
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
I can dance I cannot/can’t dance Can I dance? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.
You can dance You cannot/can’t dance Can you dance? Yes, you can. No, you can’t.
He can dance He cannot/can’t dance Can he dance? Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
She can dance She cannot/can’t dance Can she dance? Yes, she can. No, she can’t.
It can dance It cannot/can’t dance Can it dance? Yes, it can. No, it can’t.
We can dance We cannot/can’t dance Can we dance? Yes, we can. No, we can’t.
You can dance You cannot/can’t dance Can you dance? Yes, you can. No, you can’t.
They can dance They cannot/can’t dance Can they dance? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.

We use can:
• to express ability: He can swim.
• to ask for permission: Mum, can I go out?
• to give or refuse permission: Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
• to make a request: Can I speak to Paul, please?

The verb can is a modal verb. It doesn’t take an -s in the third person singular, it doesn’t form the negative
and question form with do/does, and it is always followed by the base form of the verb.

Can/Could/May

The verbs can, could, may:
• are followed by the base form of the verb without to.
• are the same in all persons in the singular and plural.
• do not form the question and negative with do.

• We use Can I..?, Could I..?, May I..? to offer help and ask for permission politely.
Can/Could/May I help you?
Can/Could/May I go to the party?
• We use Can you..?, Could you..? to make polite requests and ask for a favour. Could is more polite.
Can/Could you help me with my homework?

Module 5

Countable and uncountable nouns
• Countable nouns have both a singular and a plural form and we can count them.
We use a/an and numbers before countable nouns.
a table - two tables
• Uncountable nouns only have a singular form and we cannot count them.
coffee - sugar - milk
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Book_To the Top Plus_SRB_1.indb 129
Book_To the Top Plus_SRB_1.indb 129 12/9/2022 4:08:26 µµ