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Grammar Reference

Comparative and Superlative Forms All one-syllable
of Adjectives and Adverbs adverbs and early fast - faster - the fastest
early - earlier - the earliest
NOTE take -er/-est
Adverbs with two or
Adjectives
Adjectives de ine nouns. They come before nouns in more syllables take: carefully - more carefully -
a sentence and they have no plural form. When they more + adverb / the most carefully
are not followed by a noun, they don’t take an article most + adverb
before them. Fred is older than James.
She’s a beautiful girl. Rob runs faster than Mike.
This bike is green.
Lucy is the tallest girl in her class.
Adverbs of manner Kevin drives the most carefully of all his friends.
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Adverbs of manner describe how something happens.
Stan is a good driver. He drives carefully. IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

We form most adverbs of manner quiet  quietly POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
FORM
FORM
by adding -ly to the adjective. careful  carefully FORM
good/well better the best
Adjectives ending in a consonant
+ -y, drop the -y and take -ily. easy  easily bad/badly worse the worst
little less the least
Adjectives ending in -le, drop terrible  terribly
the -e and take -y. many / much more the most
far farther/further the farthest/
IRREGULAR ADVERBS furthest

good  well
fast  fast Other Forms of Comparison
hard  hard • less + adjective/adverb + than
late  late Kelly is less beautiful than Debbie.
Jake drives less carefully than his brother.
early  early
• the least + adjective/adverb + of/in
Geography is less interesting than history, but
maths is the least interesting subject of all.
• We use the comparative of adjectives and adverbs
when we compare two people, animals or things. • as + adjective/adverb + as
Adjectives and adverbs are usually followed by than. Kelly is as beautiful as Debbie.
Fiona draws as terribly as her sister.
• We use the superlative of adjectives and adverbs
when we compare one person, animal or thing with • not as + adjective/adverb + as
Kelly isn’t as tall as Debbie.
several of the same kind. Adjectives and adverbs Fiona doesn’t draw as terribly as her sister.
always take the de inite article the and are usually
followed by the prepositions of or in. Question Words
• Where?: We use it to ask about places.
short - shorter - I’m from Madrid. Where are you from?
the shortest
All one-syllable and • When / What time?: We use them to ask about time.
most two-syllable happy - happier - A: When do you play tennis?
adjectives take -er/-est the happiest B: On Mondays and Wednesdays.
A: What time do you inish school?
big - bigger - the biggest
B: At 3.30.
Adjectives with three • How many?: We ask about the number of something.
or more syllables and interesting - A: How many bedrooms are there in your house?
some two-syllable more interesting - B: Three.
adjectives take: the most interesting • Which?: We use it when we want to select one from a
more + adjective / group of things or people.
most + adjective Which bag do you like? The red bag or the green bag?

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