Page 135 - PortalToEnglish_3_SB_SE

Prepositions of Movement
TIME EXPRESSIONS
to Are you going to the supermarket?
always, ever, never, before, so far, yet,
up Walk up this road. already, just, once, twice, etc.
down Go down Elm Street.
into Don’t come into the house with that parrot!
NOTE
out of Brian walked out of the room.
• have/has gone means that someone has gone
onto I threw my book onto the co fee table. somewhere and is still there.
through This road goes through the park. Lisa has gone to the supermarket. (She’s still there.)
• have/has been means that someone has visited a
across Walk across the street.
place but has come back.
along Walk along King Street and then turn right. Lisa has been to Barcelona. (Now she’s back.)
from Maria comes home from work at 5 o’clock.
round Stop running round the garden!
towards The children came towards me. Present Perfect Simple vs Past Simple
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o f Penny jumped o f the bridge.
We use the Present
over The cat jumped over the chair. We use the Past Simple:
Perfect Simple:
past He walked past me but he didn’t see me. • for actions that happened • for actions that happened
in the past, but we don’t at a de inite time in the
say when exactly. past. We say when.
I have visited Rome.
I visited Rome last year.
Module 3 • with the time expressions: • with the time expressions:
Present Perfect Simple ever, never, before, so far, yesterday, in 1995, ago,
just, yet, already, always, last week/month, etc.
AFFIRMATIVE for, since, once, twice, etc.
I have
He/She/It has worked / brought
We/You/They have
since / for
NEGATIVE
• We use the Present Perfect Simple with for and
I haven’t since for actions that started in the past and
He/She/It hasn’t worked / brought continue up to the present.
We/You/They haven’t
since + a point in time
QUESTIONS It refers to the time when the I’ve had this car
Have I action started. since 1999.
Has he/she/it worked / brought?
Have we/you/they for + a period of time I’ve had this car
It refers to the duration of the
action. for six years.
NOTE
Present Perfect Simple + since Anna has eaten
Look at the list of irregular verbs. + Past Simple two chocolate
To indicate when an action which bars since she
started in the past and continues woke up this
up to the present started. morning.
We use the Present Perfect Simple:
• for actions which happened in the past, but we don't
mention when exactly.
I’ve visited the National History Museum, so I don’t
want to go there again.
• for actions that happened in the past and their
results are obvious in the present.
Look! Jerry has broken his leg!
• for actions which were completed a short time ago
(usually with just).
I’m tired! I’ve just inished my homework.
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