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Grammar Reference

Past Progressive
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS FULL FORMS SHORT FORMS
I was eating I was not eating I wasn't eating Was I eating? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.
He was eating You were not eating You weren't eating Were you eating? Yes, you were. No, you weren't.
She was eating He was not eating He wasn't eating Was he eating? Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.
It was eating She was not eating She wasn't eating Was she eating? Yes, she was. No, she wasn't.
We were eating It was not eating It wasn't eating Was it eating? Yes, it was. No, it wasn't.
You were eating We were not eating We weren't eating Were we eating? Yes, we were. No, we weren't.
They were eating You were not eating You weren't eating Were you eating? Yes, you were. No, you weren't.
They are playing They were not eating They weren't eating Were they eating? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

We use the Past Progressive:
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• for an action that was happening at a specific point of time in the past.
 I was watching TV at seven o’clock yesterday evening.
• to set the scene in a story.
 Jill was walking in the forest and it was raining.
• for actions that were happening at the same time in the past. In this case we usually use while.
 While I was watching TV, my father was cooking.

Past Simple - Past Progressive
Time Clauses (when, while)

• We use the Past Progressive and the Past Simple in the same sentence when one action interrupted another
in the past. We use the Past Progressive for the longer action and the Past Simple for the shorter action. In
this case we usually use while or when.
 While I was driving, I saw a cat in the street.
 I was sleeping when the telephone rang.

Adjectives / Adverbs

• Adjectives describe nouns.
• Adverbs of manner describe how something happens.

We form most adverbs of manner by quiet  quietly IRREGULAR ADVERBS
adding -ly to the adjective. careful  carefully
good well
Adjectives ending in a consonant + -y, easy  easily fast fast
drop the -y and take -ily. hard hard
Adjectives ending in -le, drop the -e terrible  terribly late late
and take -y. early early

Used to

Affirmative Negative Questions
I/He/She/It used to play I/He/She/It didn’t use to play Did I/he/she/it use to play?
We/You/They We/You/They we/you/they

We use used to to talk about something that happened regularly in the past, but no longer does.
 We used to go skateboarding every afternoon when we were young.

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