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Grammar Reference
Past Simple of irregular verbs
Irregular verbs don’t take -ed in the Past Simple.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS
I I I
He/She/It went He/She/It didn't go Did he/she/it go?
We/You/They We/You/They we/you/they
Note: Look at the list of irregular verbs at the back of the book.
We use the Past Simple for:
• actions that started and were completed at a specific time in the past.
We bought our house five years ago.
• habitual or repeated actions in the past.
I always went to bed early when I lived with my parents.
They were notMM Publications
• for completed actions that happened one after the other in the past.
Yesterday I got up at 8.00, had breakfast and left for school.
TIME ExpRESSIONS
• yesterday, in 2016, etc.
• two hours ago, five years ago, etc.
• last night/week/Sunday/March, etc.
Past Simple of the verb be
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS ShORT ANSWERS
FUll FORMS ShORT FORMS
I was I was not I wasn’t Was I? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t.
You were You were not You weren’t Were you? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
He was He was not He wasn’t Was he? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
She was She was not She wasn’t Was she? Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t.
It was It was not It wasn’t Was it? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
Yes, we were. No, we weren’t.
Were we?
We were
We were not
The verb could © You weren’t Were you? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t.
We weren’t
You were
You were not
Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.
Were they?
They weren’t
They were
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS ShORT ANSWERS
FUll FORMS ShORT FORMS FUll FORMS ShORT FORMS
I I I I I I
You You You you you you
He He He he he he
She could She could not She couldn’t Could she walk? Yes, she could. No, she couldn’t.
It walk It walk It walk it it it
We We We we we we
You You You you you you
They They They they they they
• Could is the past tense of can. We use it to talk about ability in the past.
My sister could play the piano when she was seven.
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