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Grammar Reference

when we compare one person, animal or thing with Questions
several of the same kind. Adjectives and adverbs I
always take the definite article the and are usually Did he/she/it work/go?
followed by the prepositions of or in.
we/you/they
All one-syllable and most short - shorter -
two-syllable adjectives shortest Note: Look at the list of irregular verbs at the back
take -er / -est happy - happier - of the book.
happiest We use the Past Simple:
big - bigger - biggest
• for actions that started and were completed at a
Adjectives with three or interesting - specific time in the past.
more syllables and some more interesting -
two-syllable adjectives most interesting  We bought our house five years ago.
take: more + adjective / • for habitual or repeated actions in the past.
most + adjective  I always went to bed early when I lived with my
parents.
• as + adjective/adverb + as © MM Publications
All one-syllable adverbs fast - faster - fastest • for completed actions that happened one after the
and early take -er / -est early - earlier - earliest other in the past.
Adverbs with two or carefully -  Yesterday I got up at 8.00, had breakfast and left
more syllables take: more carefully - for school.
more + adverb / most + most carefully
adverb time exPressions
yesterday, in 2016, etc.
Irregular Comparative and Superlative Forms
two hours ago, five years ago, etc.
comParative suPerlative last night/week/Sunday/March, etc.
Positive form
form form
good/well better best Past Simple of the verb be
bad/badly worse worst
little less least affirmative negative
far farther/further farthest/
furthest I/He/She/It was I/He/She/It wasn’t (=was not)
many/much more most We/You/They were We/You/They weren’t (=were not)

Questions sHort ansWers
Other forms of comparison
• less + adjective/adverb + than Was I/he/she/it ? Yes, I/he/she/it was.
 Kelly is less beautiful than Sheila. No, I/he/she/it wasn’t.
 Fiona drives less carefully than her sister. Were we/you/they? Yes, we/you/they were.
• the least + adjective/adverb + of/in No, we/you/they weren’t.
 Geography is less interesting than history, but
maths is the least interesting subject of all.
Used to
 Kelly is as beautiful as Sheila. affirmative
 Fiona dances as terribly as her sister. I/He/She/It
• not as + adjective/adverb + as We/You/They used to play
 Kelly isn’t as tall as Sheila.
 Fiona doesn’t dance as terribly as her sister. negative
I/He/She/It didn’t use to play
Past Simple of regular and irregular verbs We/You/They
Questions
affirmative
I/he/she/it
I Did use to play?
He/She/It worked/went we/you/they
We/You/They
We use used to to talk about something that
negative happened regularly in the past, but no longer does.
I  We used to go skateboarding every afternoon when
He/She/It didn’t work/go we were young.
We/You/They

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