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Grammar Reference

Hello Singular nouns take ’s. This is the girl’s bag.
Formation

Wh- questions This is Tom’s car.
• Who...?: We ask questions about people. Regular plural nouns take ’. That’s my parents’
Who’s that? My friend Kim. house.
• What...?: We ask questions about things, animals and Irregular plural nouns take Here’s the children’s
actions. ’s. room.
What’s your favourite school subject? PE. When two or more people This is Mary and Ben’s
• Where...?: We ask questions about places. own the same thing, we flat.
Where are you from? I’m from China. add ’s only to the last owner.
• How...?: We ask about the way in which something When two or more people These are John’s and
happens or to find out someone’s news. own two or more different Rick’s bikes.
How are you? Fine, thanks. things, we add ’s to each
owner.
• How old...?: We ask about someone’s age.
How old are you? I’m thirteen years old. Note:
• When / What time...?: We ask about time. We use of + noun to show that something belongs
When’s the party? On Saturday. to a thing or to an abstract noun.
What time is the party? At 9 p.m. The windows of this house are very big.
• How many...?: We ask about the number of
something. Imperative
How many bedrooms are there in your house?
• We form the imperative with the base form of the
Three. ours © MM Publications
verb. We form the negative form with don’t + base
form.
Possessive Adjectives - Possessive Listen to the CD! Don’t speak!
Pronouns • We use the imperative to ask someone to do
POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE something. We can use ‘please’ to be more polite.
ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS Open your books, please!
my mine
your yours Module 1
his his
her hers
its - Present Simple vs Present Progressive
our PRESENT SIMPLE
your yours
their theirs AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I work I don’t work
• Possessive adjectives always go before nouns and He/She/It works He/She/It doesn’t work
do not take articles before them. We/You/They work We/You/They don’t work
Her hat is green. QUESTIONS
• Possessive pronouns replace possessive Do I work?
adjectives + noun, so they are never followed Does he/she/it work?
by nouns. They can be used as short answers to Do we/you/they work?
questions starting with whose.
Your bag is brown, but mine is black. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
That cat is hers.
Whose is this ball? It’s his. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
I am working I’m not working
Possessive Case He/She/It is working He/She/It isn’t working
We use the possessive case to express possession. We/You/They are working We/You/They aren’t working

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